ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the impact of knowledge and socioeconomic dimensions on entrepreneurial ecosystem dynamics when addressing the emergence of green and ‘traditional’ knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE). The methodological approach used in the study was quantitative, using structural equation modeling. Our empirical analysis comprises data from 645 municipalities in the state of São Paulo and 1,372 companies participating in the Innovative Research in Small Businesses (PIPE) program administered by the São Paulo Research Foundation (Fapesp). Of these projects, 343 represent green KIE (25% of the total), and 1,029 are traditional KIE, thus allowing a sound comparative analysis. Results confirmed the positive impact of knowledge and socioeconomic dimensions on entrepreneurial ecosystem dynamics. Moreover, findings show a homogeneous pattern in this relationship for cities that do contain green KIE and cities that do not. Hence, it does not seem necessary to promote different ecosystems configurations in order to foster sustainable transitions in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Rather, policies and initiatives targeting technological generation and diffusion in green technologies can likely represent an effective transformational strategy to achieve environment-friendly productive systems.

Abstract Research on the concept of entrepreneurial universities has dedicated significant attention to understand how academic ecosystems shape the propensity of its members to establish new ventures. In this article we look at a prior step of the entrepreneurial event, i.e., how universities’ dynamics and initiatives related to entrepreneurship affect the proclivity of faculty to engage in entrepreneurship support. We propose and validate a conceptual model that directly relates the university ecosystem with faculty engagement, having entrepreneurial experience of faculty as a moderator and analyzing differences between public and private institutions. Data comprises information from 680 faculty members of over 70 higher education institutions from all regions of Brazil. Analyses were performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Modeling. Results point to a strong positive relation between developed university ecosystems and the engagement of faculty with entrepreneurial activities, especially for individuals with stronger entrepreneurial experience. No differences were found between private and public institutions. From a practical standpoint, it is possible to identify more effective, innovative, and systematic ways to implement intrapreneurial practices in universities.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is assumed to be a source of knowledge flows across National Innovation Systems, with particular relevance for developing countries. Nonetheless, empirical assessments are usually manufacturing-oriented, providing only a partial view of the phenomena under scrutiny. This article aims at contributing to this body of literature by investigating the impacts of inward FDI on aggregate outcomes of developing countries' National Innovation Systems, taking into account potential contributions from Knowledge-Intensive Business-Services (KIBS) multinationals and their respective comparison with manufacturing investments. Using a panel dataset comprising 38 developing countries (2001-2010), fixed-effects regressions are applied according to a traditional endogenous growth model. Empirical findings underscore the relevance of KIBS MNCs' contributions to host innovation systems in developing countries. These impacts broadly surmount those of manufacturing FDI and they are particularly significant for: (a) value added in services; (b) value added in manufacturing; (c) aggregate export capacity; and (d) international (United States Patent and Trademark Office[USPTO]) patenting activity.